Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10553/130259
Title: Critical review of analytical methods for the determination of flame retardants in human matrices
Authors: Hajeb, Parvaneh
Castaño, Argelia
Cequier, Enrique
Covaci, Adrian
López, Marta Esteban
Antuña, Ana Gonzalez
Haug, Line Småstuen
Henríquez Hernández, Luis Alberto 
Melymuk, Lisa
Pérez Luzardo, Octavio Luis 
Thomsen, Cathrine
Vorkamp, Katrin
UNESCO Clasification: 32 Ciencias médicas
3214 Toxicología
Keywords: Emerging contaminants
HBM4EU
Human biomonitoring
Novel halogenated flame retardants
Organophosphorous flame retardants
Issue Date: 2022
Journal: Analytica Chimica Acta 
Abstract: Human biomonitoring is a powerful approach in assessing exposure to environmental pollutants. Flame retardants (FRs) are of particular concern due to their wide distribution in the environment and adverse health effects. This article reviews studies published in 2009–2020 on the chemical analysis of FRs in a variety of human samples and discusses the characteristics of the analytical methods applied to different FR biomarkers of exposure, including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), novel halogenated flame retardants (NHFRs), bromophenols, incl. tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), and organophosphorous flame retardants (PFRs). Among the extraction techniques, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid phase extraction (SPE) were used most frequently due to the good efficiencies in the isolation of the majority of the FR biomarkers, but with challenges for highly lipophilic FRs. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is mainly applied in the instrumental analysis of PBDEs and most NHFRs, with recent inclusions of GC-MS/MS and high resolution MS techniques. Liquid chromatography-MS/MS is mainly applied to HBCD, bromophenols, incl. TBBPA, and PFRs (including metabolites), however, GC-based analysis following derivatization has also been used for phenolic compounds and PFR metabolites. Developments are noticed towards more universal analytical methods, which enable widening method scopes in the human biomonitoring of FRs. Challenges exist with regard to sensitivity required for the low concentrations of FRs in the general population and limited sample material for some human matrices. A strong focus on quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) measures is required in the analysis of FR biomarkers in human samples, related to their variety of physical-chemical properties, low levels in most human samples and the risk of contamination.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10553/130259
ISSN: 0003-2670
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338828
Source: Analytica Chimica Acta [0003-2670], v. 1193 (Febrero 2022)
Appears in Collections:Artículos
Adobe PDF (1,37 MB)
Show full item record

Google ScholarTM

Check

Altmetric


Share



Export metadata



Items in accedaCRIS are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.